Repository
A folder under Git tracking - project files plus a hidden .git directory with full history.
- Created by git init (new) or git clone (existing).
- .git/ holds every commit, branch, tag, config.
- Delete .git/ and version history is gone.
When to use: Starting a new project or pulling someone else's code.
Example: git init my-project creates my-project/.git/. git clone <url> downloads full history.